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Telecommuting 远程办公

Telecommuting is a term used in the USA, coined by Jack Nilles to describe a work arrangement in which employees enjoy flexibility in work place and time (within certain limits). 远程办公是一个长远的使用在美国，创造了由Jack nilles来形容的工作安排 ，其中雇员享有的灵活性，在工作时间和地点（在某些限制） 。 In other words a set up in which the daily commute to a central place of work has been replaced by telecommunication links. 在其他字的成立，其中每天通勤到中央工作的地方已不再适用，取而代之的通讯联系。

The motto is that "work is something you do, not something you travel to". 座右铭是： “工作是你做的，不是你的旅行” 。 A successful telecommuting programme requires a management style which is based on results and not on close scrutiny of individual employees. 一个成功的远程办公方案需要的管理风格是基于结果，而不是对密切监察个别雇员。 This is referred to as managing by objective as opposed to managing by observation. 这是被称为管理的客观作为反对管理观察。

The first formal tests of telecommuting were held in 1973-74 with the telecommuters working at a satellite office of an insurance company, using dumb terminals connected to a downtown mainframe. 第一次正式的考验通勤举行了在1973年至1974年与远程工作时， 卫星厅的一家保险公司，利用哑终端连接到一个位于市中心的主机。 In the 1980s employees began to work (part-time) from so-called "home offices" with a desktop PC supplied by their company. 在20世纪80年代的雇员开始工作（部分时间制）来自所谓“家庭办公室”与台式PC供应他们的公司。 Nowadays, the telecommuting staff (telecommuters) usually carry laptop PCs around which they can use both at the office and at home (and pretty much anywhere else). 如今，远程办公人员（远程）通常会进行笔记本电脑周围，使他们可以利用这两个在办公室和在家里（和几乎任何其他地方） 。 The telecommuting staff are kept together by the company network and other telecommunication channels. 该远程办公的工作人员经常一起由该公司的网络和其他通讯渠道。

Telecommuting was seen as a solution to traffic congestion (due to single-car commuting) and the resulting urban air pollution and petroleum use. 通勤被看作是解决交通挤塞问题（由于单通勤车）以及由此造成的城市空气污染和石油的使用。 Initial investments in the network infrastructure and hardware are balanced by an increased productivity and overall greater well-being of telecommuting staff (more quality family time, less travel related stress), which makes the arrangement attractive to companies, especially those who face large office overhead and other costs related to the need for a big central office (the need for extensive parking facilities, etc.) 初始投资在网络基础设施和硬件都平衡一提高生产力和整体更大的福祉，远程办公人员（更多优质的家庭时间，减少旅行有关的压力） ，这使得安排具吸引力的公司，尤其是那些谁面对大办公室开销和其他有关的费用，需要有一个大的中央办公室（需要广泛的停车设施等）

Telecommuting options increase the employability of marginalised groups, such as mothers with small children, the handicapped and people living in remote areas. 远程办公的选择，增加就业被边缘化的群体，如母亲与小儿童，伤残人士和人民居住在偏远地区。 The set up also offers possibilities for increased service and internationalisation (telecommuters in different time zones can ensure that a company is virtually open for business around the clock). 成立还提供了可能性，增加服务和国际化（远程办公在不同的时区，才能确保一家公司几乎是开门营业24小时左右） 。

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License . 此文章是下已领取牌照的在GNU自由文档许可证 。 It uses material from the Wikipedia article "telecommuting" . 它使用的材料来自于维基百科的文章“远程办公” 。

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